New York DSCR Loans

Also known as a Debt Service Coverage Ratio loan, a DSCR loan is a type of real estate mortage loan that can be used to purchase or refinance a property. They differ from a traditional mortgage loans in two primary ways:

They are intended for investment properties only and they are based on the value and rental income potential of the property rather than the income of the borrower.

You are typically eligible for a DSCR loan if the below conditions are met:

• The property is a condo, single-family residence, a duplex, triplex, quadplex, or multi-family
• Investment property, cannot be primary residence
• The property does not require rehab
• The property is an LLC rather than a personal name (can be transferred to an LLC upon closing)
• Insurance and taxes are up to date

Since DSCR loans are primarily lent on the asset rather than the borrower’s credit or income, FICO requirements are limited.  Typically, a score above 660 will work.

Additionally, since the property must be able to be able to produce income, vacant land, or primary residences are not permitted.

The minimum DSCR ratio requirement is typically 1.1x. DSCR ratios are calculated by dividing the Net Operating Income (NOI) by the Property Debt Service. The NOI is equal to the total rent minus taxes and insurance, while the Debt Service is equal to the mortage payment (principal plus interest).

DSCR loans make it possible for borrowers with non-W2 income and other non-traditional income sources to receive a loan to purchase real estate since they are based on the value of the property and the property’s ability to generate rental income and cashflow. As mentioned, these types of loans are not based on personal income, making the borrower’s income irrelevant.

There are several benefits which make DSCR loans superior to bank loans or other real estate financing products.  First, DSCR loans make it possible for borrowers with non-traditional forms of income to obtain a mortgage. Second, even if you can satisfy a bank’s requirements for income, DSCR loans allow borrowers with credit issues to secure a mortgage.  Finally, DSCR loans are simply much faster to get – they can be approved within as little as two weeks, a significantly shorter amount of time than a traditional mortgage loan.

The most common misconception about DSCR loans is that borrowers assume the qualification terms are the same for these types of loans as they are for traditional mortgage loans. But this is incorrect. Unlike mortgage loans, DSCR loans do not have any income requirements, and much fewer credit requirements. This makes it more likely for borrowers to receive funding for real estate properties that they otherwise would not qualify for.

One potential drawback to a DSCR loan can be the down payment requirement upon purchase, which can sometimes be close to 20 or 25% of the purchase price. A second drawback is that the mortgage rates tend to be a bit higher than traditional mortgage loans.  And finally, unlike traditional mortgage loans, DSCR loans are usually provided by smaller lending companies, so it’s important to understand the loan and be comfortable with the company providing it.

A lender evaluates the borrower’s ability to repay a DSCR loan based on the property’s DSCR ratio. As mentioned earlier, this metric takes into account the property’s NOI (Net Operating Income) and the total debt service.

The NOI is the income amount expected to be generated by a property after all operating expenses have been deducted (utilities, maintenance on the property, management fees, etc.).

The total debt service includes both the principal amount and interest payments due on the loan.

When both are taken into consideration, the ratio often needs to be at least 1.1x to show lenders that the borrower will have enough cash flow coming from the property to make the mortgage payments on the loan.

Borrowers can improve their chances of getting approved for a DSCR loan by having cash on hand to cover the down payment amount in the event of a purchase (which can be close to 20-25% of the purchase price).  (It’s worthwhile to note that borrowers don’t need to come up with a down payment when refinancing into a DSCR loan).  They also can improve their chances of being approved by having the property held in an LLC, rather than in the borrower’s name. The type of property and its use will matter as well – investment properties such as condos, single-family residences, multi-family homes, and some commercial properties will likely be easier to approve than land, primary residences, or properties for industrial use.

Borrowers can use a DSCR loan to expand their business by purchasing their first rental property and additional rental properties thereafter.   In fact, when using DSCR loans, there is no limit on the number of properties that can be acquired, so long as each property is able to produce cash flow with an acceptable DSCR ratio (typically 1.1x or more).  Before applying for a loan, borrowers should have enough cash to cover the down payment on the property.  They should also evaluate the costs associated with each rental purchase, including utility fees, any potential HOA costs, management fees, and maintenance expenses.   These costs, plus the mortgage payment should be compared against the actual or potential rents to make sure there is sufficient coverage.  In the event of refinancing, a DSCR loan can also be used.  In this case, the borrower should make sure that the maximum loan amount can be covered by the same calculation.